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pretty statue of the goddess Maat goddess of truth -justice
Maat she is one of the most important deities in Egypt, Maat, a symbol of justice and laws for the pharaohs and the ancient Egyptians

The goddess Maat represented to the ancient Egyptians “justice”, “right”, cosmic order and “good manners”. Thus, her feather occupies a distinguished position in the afterlife court, where it is measured in relation to the feather of truth “Maat” the weight of the dead’s heart to know what the dead did in this world of life. Good, upright, consistent with “Al-Ma’at”, or was he a disobedient tyrant who could not be trusted, a liar?

It is mentioned in the Book of the Dead among the ancient Egyptians that when calculating the deceased in the other world, the heart of the deceased was placed on the scale on one side and the feather of the goddess Maat on the other side. If the feather outweighs, then he enters Paradise in their beliefs, but if the heart outweighs, then he goes to annihilation, which the ancient Egyptian beliefs represented in the form of an imaginary predatory beast named Amamout, whose head was the head of a crocodile, his body was the body of a lion, and his back part was the body of a hippopotamus. The court in the underworld consisted of 42 judges in a number of regions of Egypt, headed by Osiris.
Part of Hunefer’s Book of the Dead (about 1275 BC) showing the process of weighing Hunefer’s heart in the balance and comparing it to the feather of Maat (Truth and Justice), and it is performed by the god Anubis. And the god Thoth records the result of the scale. If the heart of the dead is lighter than a feather, he is allowed to live in the afterlife. And if the heart of the dead person is heavier than the “feather of truth” (Maat), then this means that the dead person was a tyrant, disobedient and a liar in his life in this world, doing evil things.

And the ancient Egyptians envisioned the Day of Judgment that Anubis would accompany the dead to the courtroom, and the judges would begin to interrogate the dead about his actions in this world, and whether he was following Ma’at (the right path) or was he among the guilty. And the dead person begins to defend himself and says: I did not kill anyone, I did not expose a person, I did not complain about a worker to his boss, and I did not steal. I used to feed the poor, give clothes to the naked, help orphans and widows, and give water to the thirsty. Then the judges begin to ask him about his knowledge of the gods, so he had to mention the gods by their names and be careful not to forget one of them. The Book of the Dead, which was placed with him in the grave, helped him to (study) and memorize the important names of the gods while he was in the grave. Then the time of resurrection comes, and Anubis goes with the dead to the process of weighing the heart in front of the feather of Maat to decide on the matter. If he succeeds in that, they call him “honest to say,” meaning the forgiven. And they re-install his heart in his (embalmed) body, give him white, radiant clothes, and enter paradise, where he joins his wife, and they are helped by servants called Ojibti, meaning respondents, and fulfill their requests. And if he did not succeed and the heart of the dead was weighed on the scale, then he would be doomed, as Ammut would be standing next to the scale, waiting for the guilty heart to be thrown to him, so that he would devour him immediately, and that would be the final fate of the deceased.

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